Syracuse

Sicily, Italy

Ancient Syracuse, is one of our favourites in Sicily. Once among the most powerful cities of the ancient world, Syracuse enchants with its Greek ruins, Baroque architecture, and the charming old town on the island of Ortygia. Explore bustling street markets, visit the beautiful in the heart of , and wander through the picturesque streets of its old Jewish Quarter. Syracuse, with its fascinating attractions, offers you a rich cultural history. From the to the , there is much to explore.

Top 10 Highlights of Syracuse

The Heart of Syracuse
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Ortygia
Syracuse, Sicily
Ortygia, the historic heart of Syracuse, is one of Sicily's most beautiful gems. This enchanting island, connected to the mainland by two bridges, boasts a rich history spanning thousands of years, with ancient ruins, baroque splendor, and vibrant street markets.
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Ear of Dionysius
Syracuse, Sicily
Hidden within the ancient Latomia del Paradiso lies this remarkable limestone cave - 23 meters high and 65 meters deep. For centuries, it has captivated people with its exceptional acoustics and poignant history. It was Caravaggio, in 1608, who bestowed its name, inspired by the cave's ear-like shape and the legends surrounding Dionysius.
A park full of exciting stories
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Archeological Park Neapolis
Syracuse, Sicily
The Archaeological Park of Neapolis showcases the grandeur of ancient Greco-Roman history. At its heart lies the monumental Greek theater, one of the largest of its kind, built in the 5th century BC. The park also features the Orecchio di Dionisio, a striking man-made cave renowned for its acoustics. Completing the park’s highlights is the Roman amphitheater from the 3rd century AD, once a venue for gladiatorial contests.
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Cathedral of Syracuse
Syracuse, Sicily
The Cathedral of Syracuse, known as the Cattedrale della Natività di Maria Santissima, stands majestically in the heart of Ortygia. Originally an ancient Temple of Athena from 480 BC, it beautifully blends Greek, Byzantine, and Baroque architecture. The striking façade, designed by Andrea Palma in the 18th century (after the 1693 earthquake), and the grand Doric columns from the original temple are testaments to its ancient history.
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Arethusa Fountain
Syracuse, Sicily
Legend has it that the Fountain of Arethusa is where the nymph Arethusa emerged after fleeing her underwater home in Arcadia. Surrounded by papyrus, this freshwater spring is one of the few places in Europe where this plant grows.
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Temple of Apollo
Syracuse, Sicily
The Temple of Apollo, constructed in the early 6th century BC, stands as the oldest Doric temple in Sicily. Originally crafted from massive monoliths, it marks the transition from wooden to stone structures and showcases unique architectural features like a double colonnade on the east side.
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Castello Maniace
Syracuse, Sicily
Perched atop Ortygia Island, the fortress is a stunning example of medieval military architecture, offering expansive sea views. Built between 1232 and 1240 by Emperor Frederick II, its massive walls, four cylindrical towers, and magnificent marble entrance adorned with intricate arches and sculptures are truly impressive.
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Diana fountain
Syracuse, Sicily
The fountain was created in 1906 by the sculptor Giulio Moschetti. This impressive fountain complex depicts the goddess Diana with a bow and dog, attributes of hunting and the patroness of Ortygia. At her feet is the nymph Arethusa in the midst of her transformation into a spring, protected by Diana from the advances of the river god Alpheus. Tritons and sea horses frame the scene, giving the fountain a dynamic, mythological flair.
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Mikhveh - Jewish Ritual Bath
Syracuse, Sicily
Hidden beneath the Residenza Alla Giudecca Hotel in Ortigia is the oldest Jewish ritual bath in Europe, built in the 6th century. Rediscovered in 1989, this fascinating mikveh lies 18 meters underground and features five basins carved into the rock, fed by a natural spring. Visitors descend a steep stone staircase into a room with a vaulted ceiling, surrounded by four limestone columns. Once a sacred site for ritual purification, the mikveh remained hidden for centuries after being filled with rubble and sealed during the Inquisition in the 15th century.
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Madonna delle Lacrime
Syracuse, Sicily
The Basilica of the Madonna delle Lacrime, also called Madonnina delle Lacrime is a 20th-century Roman Catholic Marian shrine church in Siracusa in Sicily, Italy. The modern building, derided by some as an inverted ice-cream cone, dominates the skyline of the approach to Ortigia.

Inspiration

Travel Information

Best time to visit

The ideal times to visit Syracuse are from April to May and from mid-September to mid-October, when the climate is pleasantly warm without the intense heat of the summer months. There can be occasional rainy days, but it's perfect for exploring Sicily. For beach lovers, Sicily is a popular destination during the high season from July to August. However, it can be particularly hot and humid from the end of July to the end of August.

How to get to Syracuse

By Plane

The nearest major airport to Syracuse is Catania-Fontanarossa Airport (CTA), located approximately 60 km north of the city. From the airport, you can reach Syracuse by Interbus in 70min (stop Corso Gelone), train, or car.

By Train

It's not practical to reach Syracuse from mainland Italy. However, you can arrive in Catania by plane and then travel by train (or bus) in the Southeast of Sicily. The city's main train station is a 10-15 minutes walk from the city area, where many like to stay, and 20-30 minutes if you stay in Ortigia, the old city centre. There are trains from Catania Centrale, Noto, Modica, Ragusa and even Taormina.

However, many say that traveling by bus is actually better in Sicily.

By Car

You can reach Syracuse via the A18 motorway from Catania and the A19 from Palermo. On the island of Ortigia, there are ZTLs (restricted traffic zones), so you should park your car outside of them. If your hotel is in the old town, check in advance with the hotel on how to get there - the hotel will probably need to register your license plate for you.

If you are here for a day trip, there is a good parking area in the north of the island (map).

Fancy a roadtrip?

Be inspired by our hand-picked road trips.

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Regional Specialities

Regional Wine

In terms of wine, Nero d'Avola stands as the unrivaled monarch, a beloved Sicilian grape that has thrived in Syracuse for centuries. Also don't miss out on a glass of Etna Rosso, a distinguished wine produced on the slopes of Mount Etna. If you prefer white wine, savour a glass of the aromatic and gently sweet Moscato di Noto or the sweet, floral notes of Passito, both crafted from grapes nurtured in the vineyards surrounding Noto.

If you love wine, go on a wine-tasting tour or explore the wineries along the Strada del Val di Noto at your leisure.

What to Eat

In our Catania City Guide you'll find a more extensive section dedicated to the traditional dishes of Southeast Sicily. Here are the most important dishes for Syracuse:

Antipasti

From the nearby Iblei Mountains, you have a rich selection of local cheeses: let yourself be tempted by ricotta, primosale, provola, sharp pecorino, and caciocavallo.
You will also find here the DOP-certified Ragusano from nearby Ragusa.
The sweet Pachino cherry tomatoes and the cherished olive oil from Tonda Iblea olives are also Syracuse cuisine staples.

Typical dishes in Syracuse

  • Spaghetti alla Siracusana, also known as Siracusan fried pasta, is a traditional dish with fried anchovies, garlic, olive oil, and toasted breadcrumbs
  • Cavatelli: A short pasta cut in the middle to better hold the sauce, often served with a variety of Sicilian sauces
  • Pasta with Moorish Sauce: This unusual pasta dish is made with tuna roe, cinnamon, orange juice, and lemon
  • Bobbia: A variant of the famous Sicilian caponata, features carob mushrooms found in the region

History

Founded around 734 BCE by Greek Corinthians colonists, Syracuse swiftly rose to prominence, surpassing other city-states in power and culture. The city's early years were marked by conflicts and power shifts, notably the capture of Syracuse by Gelon in the 5th century BCE, which propelled the city into a period of unmatched prosperity and military might. Most notable is his defeat of the Carthaginians at Himera in 480 BCE. This era solidified Syracuse's supremacy in the region. Moreover, during the Peloponnesian War, Syracuse not only survived the dramatic siege by Athens (415–413), but also was responsible for the destruction of the Athenian invasion force in Sicily. Thus, Syracusans weakend Athenian power in Greece itself.

In the Middle Ages, Syracuse saw varied rulers from the Byzantines to the Arabs and Normans, each leaving a distinct mark on the city's cultural and architectural landscape. The Arab rule introduced advanced irrigation and agriculture techniques, enhancing the island's prosperity. Under Norman governance, Syracuse enjoyed architectural developments. Especially churches and palaces blended Norman and Arab influences, reflecting the cosmopolitan nature of its society.

During World War II, Syracuse was a crucial point of interest due to its strategic location. Allied forces targeted the city during Operation Husky, the campaign to liberate Sicily from Axis powers in 1943. The successful capture of Syracuse was vital for securing the rest of the island, marking an important step in the Allied invasion of Italy. You can find more information on Syracuse' history on Britannica.

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